Metagenomics meets archaeology

This innovative method allows for much more precise subsampling, reducing unnecessary contamination and improving the resolution of microbiome reconstructions from the past. Collaboration with geoarchaeologists is crucial for the success of this project. Not only do they collect samples and interpret archaeological contexts, but they also prepare sediment thin sections to pinpoint tiny fecal particles. During his visit, Piotr learned to differentiate coprolites from carnivores, herbivores, and omnivores under a microscope. Carnivore feces tend to be homogeneous due to high stomach acid content, while herbivore droppings reveal a diverse structure with visible fibers. Omnivore feces, like those of Neanderthals, blend characteristics of both.

This is just the beginning of the project. In the next steps, Piotr will select the most promising samples, describe them using geoarchaeological methods, and transport them to the MassilianiExternal link Lab at Yale University, where he will work on the extraction and sequencing of aDNA. Exciting times lie ahead at the intersection of metagenomics and archaeology!